One major advantage of the polymorphic approach is that you get compiler
enforcement.  You cannot "fall" into an unexpected case, or forget to
implement a behavior.

In fact, I find the quirky combination of the class attitude and the enum
constant ancestry along with the peculiarities of Java's implementation as a
pseudo-inherited Enum class with occasional implicit inner classes extending
the enum to be a strangely, emergently powerful mechanism.  For one thing,
enums may hold the power to release us from the temptation to reflection.

Back to the OP's question, Daniel, were you thinking of something like this,
only maybe better refactored?

You'd use it something like:

Object val =
  Noom.valueOf( rsMetaData.getColumnType( col ) )
      .getValue( rs, col );

(throws NPE)

<sscce>
public enum Noom
{
    BOOLEAN( Types.BOOLEAN )
    {
       @Override
       public Boolean getValue( ResultSet rs, int column )
       {
           try
           {
               return (rs.getObject( column ) == null? null :
                       Boolean.valueOf( rs.getBoolean( column )));
           }
           catch ( SQLException ex )
           {
               logger.error( "SQL Exception"+ ex.getMessage(), ex );
               return null;
           }
       }

    }
    ,
    VARCHAR( Types.VARCHAR )
    {
       @Override
       public String getValue( ResultSet rs, int column )
       {
           try
           {
               return rs.getString( column );
           }
           catch ( SQLException ex )
           {
               logger.error( "SQL Exception"+ ex.getMessage(), ex );
               return null;
           }
       }

    }
    ;
    private final int sqlType;
    private Noom( int sqlT )
    {
        this.sqlType = sqlT;
    }

    public static Noom valueOf( int sqlT )
    {
        for ( Noom noom : values() )
        {
            if ( noom.sqlType == sqlT )
            {
                return noom;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger( Noom.class );

    public abstract Object getValue( ResultSet rs, int column );
}
</sscce>