My company would like to integrate our website with our clients' SSO
systems.  Is this possible to do via some sort of web browser
redirection, or does it have to be done from the server side?

Also, I know that it's possible to get information from the machine
about the user (login name, etc), but is it possible to retrieve the
password?  I would assume not.  If not, how do I secure the LDAP
server against unauthorized queries?